Vacuum casting is a casting process in which metals are melted, poured and crystallized in a vacuum chamber. Vacuum casting can minimize the gas content in the metal and prevent metal oxidation. This method can be used to produce special alloy steel castings with high requirements and titanium alloy castings which are easily oxidized. The cost of vacuum casting is high, and it is generally used for smelting alloys and high-quality castings with high vapor pressure and easy volatilization loss, and the mold should not contain volatiles.
Process method
Vacuum casting is suitable for investment casting, ceramic casting, shell casting, gypsum casting, graphite casting and sand casting. It can be used to produce complex thin wall castings with average wall thickness less than 5mm, such as aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, stainless steel and high temperature and heat resistant alloy, as well as castings with single casting weight less than 100kg. There are two kinds of vacuum casting process methods: direct suction casting and special vacuum casting.
Process characteristics
(1) High yield, good casting quality suction casting, liquid metal filling is stable, oxidation slag inclusion and splash less, reduce the porosity and slag inclusion of the casting defects, improve the yield. In addition, the casting can be cast at a lower pouring temperature, so that the casting grain is refined and the mechanical properties are improved.
(2) Good filling performance. When suction casting, the back pressure in the mold cavity is small and the filling speed is adjustable, so the filling ability is strong, and the thinnest part of the casting can reach 0.3mm.
(3) greatly improve the utilization rate of metal liquid and process yield.
(4) Simplify the process and reduce the cost.
(5) Easy to realize mechanization, high labor productivity. Compared with the ordinary investment casting process, each module can be more assembled wax mold, generally can increase the output of 85% ~ 135%.
Industrial application
Vacuum casting is widely used in the automotive, consumer electronics, consumer goods and sports equipment industries. In addition to prototypes, vacuum casting is also used for injection molding in small batches where expensive molds are not intended to be used. In the automotive industry, its applications include the production of various tubes, water tanks, air filter housings, radiator parts, lamp shades, chips, gears and movable hinges.
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